International Journal of Philology

The article presents the main ways of transferring German-language equivalent vocabulary into Ukrainian. The main features of equivalent vocabulary are identified, the definition of the concept of ‘equivalent vocabulary’ is given. The main types of equivalent vocabulary are described, such as real-world words, temporally equivalent terms, random equivalent terms, and structural exotics. It is indicated that the words-realities are divided into geographical, ethnographic and socio-political, Soviet, historical and situational. A list of ways of translating non-equivalent vocabulary is given, which include: transliteration, calquing, approximate translation, descriptive translation, elimination of national and cultural specificity, redistribution of the meaning of a lexical unit. It has been established that descriptive translation is the most commonly used in the translation of German nonequivalent vocabulary, namely in the translation of realities, accidental nonequivalents, and structural exoticisms. It is also determined that the descriptive translation of equivalent vocabulary fully reveals the essence of the phenomenon, conveys the national peculiarity of foreign language lexical items, which is why it is popular among translators. The article substantiates the use of transliteration in the translation of German-language non-equivalent vocabulary: it preserves the national flavour of the source language text to the best of its ability. It is established that approximate translation is used mainly in the translation of realities

non-equivalent vocabulary; translation methods; descriptive translation; transliteration; realities; calculations; approximate translation